PCA and K-means clustering applied to Raman and PL imaging reveal structural defects in silicon wafers, enhancing understanding of optoelectronic performance.

1 Department of Computer and Instructional Technologies Education, Gazi Faculty of Education, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye. 2 Department of Forensic Informatics, Institute of Informatics, Gazi ...

Learn how to simulate proton motion in a constant magnetic field using Python! This tutorial walks you through the physics behind charged particle motion, step-by-step coding, and visualization ...

Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is a pain-management technique that allows patients to self-administer predetermined doses of pain medication using a programmable pump. 1 This approach offers ...