Cryptographic hash functions are crucial in ensuring the security and integrity of information across diverse industries. They protect sensitive financial transactions in banking, verify data ...

Chaotic hash functions represent a cutting‐edge convergence between nonlinear dynamics and cryptographic science. These functions employ chaotic maps—mathematical systems that exhibit extreme ...

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Three years ago, Ars declared the SHA1 cryptographic hash algorithm officially dead after researchers performed the world’s first known instance of a fatal exploit known as a “collision” on it. On ...

The X-Ray upgrade by Stellar is already on mainnet and includes native BN254 operations to verify on-chain zk-SNARKs.