How does a hot swap circuit work? What’s the role of a hot swap controller? What are the basic design considerations for selecting a hot swap controller or module? Here is a short tutorial explaining ...

Courtesy of www.MikeHolt.com. Based on the 2020 NEC. Article 725 of the National Electrical Code (NEC) covers remote-control, signaling, and power-limited circuits that are not integral to a device or ...

Andy recommends favorite resources for basic op amp circuits and includes a portion of TI's AN-20. Test your knowledge with our op amp quiz; answer explanations are included. By 1969, a fledgling ...

Here are the steps required to select the transformer and how to design the circuit needed to meet the end use in a manner that prevents transformer saturation Average current-mode control (CMC) ...

Article 409 provides the minimum safety requirements for industrial control panels (What's an Industrial Control Panel? below). Because this section of the Code is only a couple of pages long, it ...

Higher Capabilities for Safety-Rated Control Circuits A truly reliable safety control system must work even when some parts fail. Force-guided relays are unseen components that add another level of ...

This file type includes high-resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. When converting a higher voltage to a lower voltage, a buck (switching) converter provides much greater efficiency than ...

Directional-control valves are vital in any pneumatic circuit, directing or blocking airflow to control the speed or sequence of operations. One method of classifying directional-control valves is by ...