Algebraic structures and state theory represent a confluence of abstract algebra and logic, where the former provides a rigorous framework for describing systems such as BL-algebras, residuated ...

Let $Z/n$ denote the integers $\operatorname{mod} n$ and let $\mathscr{F}_n$ denote the finite Fourier transform on $L^2(Z/n)$. We let $\bigoplus\Sigma \mathscr{F}_n ...

When particle physicists try to model experiments, they confront an impossible calculation — an infinitely long equation that lies beyond the reach of modern mathematics. Fortunately, they can ...

PNAS is the world's most-cited multidisciplinary scientific serial. It publishes high-impact research reports, commentaries, perspectives, reviews, colloquium papers, and actions of the Academy. In ...

Illustration of a set of real zeros of a graph polynomial (middle) and two Feynman diagrams. Credit: Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences How can the behavior of elementary particles ...

The purpose of all of the developmental mathematics courses is to support student success academically and beyond by advancing critical thinking and reasoning skills. Specifically in Algebra II, as a ...

Mathematics and physics share a close, reciprocal relationship. Mathematics offers the language and tools to describe physical phenomena, while physics drives the development of new mathematical ideas ...

How can the behavior of elementary particles and the structure of the entire universe be described using the same mathematical concepts? This question is at the heart of recent work by the ...